The Qianlong Emperor was the fifth emperor of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and the fourth Qing emperor to rule over China. He reigned officially from October 18, 1735 to February 9, 1796. Despite his retirement, however, he retained ultimate power until his death in 1799. Although his early years saw the continuity of an era of prosperity in China, he was unrelenting of conservative attitudes. As a result, the Qing Dynasty's decline began later in his reign.

Qianlong Emperor, whose real name is Hong Li, was born fifty years of Kangxi in August and died Jiaqing four years the first month, is the sixth Qing emperor, after entering the pass of the fourth emperor. He was the fourth son of Emperor Yongzheng, is a rabbit, fifty years of Kangxi was born in Prince Yong House. The first year of Yongzheng, Hong Li has been established as Prince Edward, labeled, and Shuo Bao Prince eleven years, the country began to participate in military priorities. Yongzheng thirteen years, Yongzheng's death, Hong Li came to the throne, changed

the Qianlong era name. As a result, he points to the highest point of Chinese society at that time began to throw its weight around, "Wenzhiwugong." Qianlong reign of sixty years, to step down after three years as overlord without illness, died at 89 years of age.

What is Emperor Qianlong’s influence as the longest-lived emperor?

His 60 years of stability and rule of China's feudal political, economic, and cultural aspects of the comprehensive expression after lengthy deposition times. The Qing emperor Qianlong, the Qing Dynasty was also the transition from the gloom and doom. By the end of Qianlong, the so-called peacefulness, "Shi Quan power" of the "Golden Age" has come to an end. In the 60-year-long "Golden Age\As Cao Xueqin in the "Dream of Red Mansions" and said: "Today, although not quite down the outside of the shelf inside? They have done will come up." Qing Dynasty had been left leaning, as will hardly support the building, while the British colonialists The gunboat was being rumbled approaching, China's history, the turning of a page is disheartening.

How did Emperor Qianlong ascend to the throne?

Even before Emperor Qianlong was read out to the assembled court, it was widely known who the new emperor would be. The young Emperor Qianlong had been a favorite of his grandfather, Kangxi, and his father alike; Yongzheng had entrusted a number of important ritual tasks to him while Emperor Qianlong was still a prince, and included him in important court discussions of military strategy. Hoping to avoid repetition of the succession crisis that had

tainted his own accession to the throne, he had the name of his successor placed in a sealed box secured behind the tablet over the throne in the Palace of Heavenly Purity. The name in the box was to be revealed to other members of the imperial family in the presence of all senior ministers only upon the death of the Emperor. Yongzheng died suddenly in 1735, the will was taken out and read out before the entire Qing Court and Emperor Qianlong became the 4th Manchu Emperor of China. He took the Reign title of Qianlong, meaning strong/heavens; prosperous, or put together, the Era of Strong Prosperity.

What are artistic achievements of Emperor Qianlong?

The Qianlong Emperor was also a major patron of the arts. The most significant of his commissions was a catalogue of all important works on Chinese culture, the Siku Quanshu. Produced in 36,000 volumes, containing about 3450 complete works and employing as many as 15,000 copyists, the entire work took some twenty years. It preserved many books, but it was also intended as a means of ferreting out and suppressing those deemed offensive to the ruling Manchurians. Some 2,300 works were listed for total suppression and another 350 for partial suppression. The aim was to destroy the writings that were anti-Qing or rebellious, that insulted previous barbarian dynasties, or that dealt with frontier or defense problems.

During the mid-eighteenth century, Qianlong began to face severe pressures from the West to increase foreign trade. Lacking a Ministry of Foreign Affairs further upheld the belief that China was the "central kingdom". Worse still, the proposed cultural exchange between the British Empire at the time and the Qing Empire collapsed when Heshen encouraged Qianlong to maintain the

belief that the Qing Empire was the centre of the world and need not pay much attention to the British proposal for trade and cultural exchange. The British trade ambassador at the time, George Macartney, was humiliated when granted an audience with the Qianlong Emperor only to find just an Imperial Edict placed on the Dragon Throne.

Insistent demands from Heshen and the Qing Court that the British Trade ambassadors should kneel and kowtow to the empty dragon throne worsened matters. The British of course rejected these demands and insisted they would kneel only on one knee and bow to the Dragon throne as they did for their own monarch. This caused uproar in the Qing Empire at that time. The Trade ambassadors were dismissed and told to leave China immediately. They were further told that the Qing Empire had no particular interest in trading with them, with strict orders given to all local governors not to allow the British to carry out any trade or business in China.

How did Emperor Qianlong abdicate?

In October 1795, Qianlong officially announced that in the spring of the following year he would voluntarily abdicate his throne and pass the crown to his son. It was said that Qianlong had made a promise during the year of his ascension not to rule longer than his grandfather, the Kangxi Emperor.

In anticipation of his abdication, Qianlong decided to move out of the Hall of Mental Cultivation in the Forbidden City, the residence dedicated only for the reigning sovereign, and ordered the construction of his residence in another

part of the Forbidden City; however, Qianlong never moved out of the Hall of Mental Cultivation.

Just as Qianlong was not willing to part with his residence, he was also not willing to part with the power that he had exercised for the past 60 years. The elderly Qianlong kept a tight grip on affairs of state and continued to rule, while his son, the Jiaqing Emperor, was kept out of the limelight.

How are the Emperor Qianlong’s inspections in the southern part?

Emperor Qianlong went to the southern part of the country four times, he stayed in Chen's house in Haining, leaving behind his calligraphy and also frequently issued imperial decrees making and maintaining Haining as a tax-free state. Stories about Qianlong visiting the Jiangnan area disguised as a commoner had been a popular topic for many generations. In total, he has visited Jiang Nan for eight times, as opposed to the Kangxi emperor's 6 inspections.